I de senere år har vi set en eksplosion af videnskabelig forskning, der præcist afslører, hvordan positive følelser som lykke er gode for os. Vi ved, at de motiverer os til at forfølge vigtige mål og overvinde forhindringer, beskytte os mod nogle virkninger af stress, forbinde os tæt med andre mennesker og endda afværge fysiske og psykiske lidelser.
Dette har gjort lykke ret trendy. Videnskaben om lykke kom på forsiden af Time , Oprah og endda The Economist , og den har affødt en lille industri af motiverende talere, psykoterapeuter og forskningsvirksomheder. Denne hjemmeside, Greater Good , indeholder omkring 400 artikler om lykke , og dens forældreblog handler specifikt om at opdrage glade børn .
Det er klart, at lykke er populært. Men er lykke altid godt? Kan det nogensinde være dårligt at føle sig for god? Forskere er lige begyndt for alvor at udforske disse spørgsmål, med god grund: Ved at erkende de potentielle faldgruber af lykke, sætter vi os selv i stand til at forstå den dybere, og vi lærer bedre at fremme sundere og mere afbalancerede liv.
Sammen med mine kolleger Iris Mauss og Maya Tamir har jeg gennemgået den nye videnskabelige forskning om den mørke side af lykke, og vi har udført vores egen forskning om emnet. Disse undersøgelser har afsløret fire måder, hvorpå lykke kan være dårligt for os.
1. For meget lykke kan gøre dig mindre kreativ – og mindre sikker.
Lykke, viser det sig, har en pris, når den opleves for intenst.
For eksempel får vi ofte at vide, at lykke kan åbne vores sind for at fremme mere kreativ tænkning og hjælpe os med at tackle problemer eller gåder. Dette er tilfældet, når vi oplever moderate niveauer af lykke. Men ifølge Mark Alan Davis' metaanalyse fra 2008 af forholdet mellem humør og kreativitet, når mennesker oplever intense og måske overvældende mængder af lykke, oplever de ikke længere det samme kreativitetsboost. Og i ekstreme tilfælde som mani, mister folk evnen til at udnytte og kanalisere deres indre kreative ressourcer. Hvad mere er, har psykolog Barbara Fredrickson fundet ud af, at for mange positive følelser – og for få negative følelser – gør folk ufleksible i forhold til nye udfordringer.
Ikke alene udsletter overdreven lykke nogle gange dens fordele for os – det kan faktisk føre til psykisk skade. Hvorfor? Svaret kan ligge i lykkens formål og funktion. Når vi oplever lykke, vender vores opmærksomhed mod spændende og positive ting i vores liv for at hjælpe med at opretholde den gode følelse. Når vi føler os glade, har vi også en tendens til at føle os mindre hæmmede og mere tilbøjelige til at udforske nye muligheder og tage risici.
Tag denne lykkefunktion til det yderste. Forestil dig en, der har en overvældende drift til kun at tage sig af de positive ting omkring dem og tage risici af enorme proportioner. De kan have en tendens til at overse eller negligere advarselsskilte i deres miljø eller tage dristige spring og risikable skridt, selv når ydre tegn tyder på, at gevinster er usandsynlige.
Mennesker i denne øgede 'lykkeoverdrive'-tilstand engagerer sig i mere risikabel adfærd og har en tendens til at ignorere trusler, herunder overdrevent alkoholforbrug, overspisning, seksuel promiskuitet og stofbrug. I en undersøgelse fra 1993 fandt psykolog Howard S. Friedman og kolleger ud af, at børn i skolealderen vurderet som "meget muntre" af forældre og lærere havde en større risiko for dødelighed, når de blev fulgt ind i voksenlivet, måske fordi de engagerede sig i mere risikovillig adfærd.
Alle disse resultater peger på én konklusion: Lykke er måske bedst, når den opleves med måde – ikke for lidt, men heller ikke for meget.
2. Lykke passer ikke til enhver situation.
Vores følelser hjælper os med at tilpasse os nye omstændigheder, udfordringer og muligheder. Vrede mobiliserer os til at overvinde forhindringer; frygt advarer os om trusler og engagerer vores kamp-eller-flugt-forberedelsessystem; tristhed signalerer tab. Disse følelser gør os i stand til at opfylde særlige behov i specifikke sammenhænge.
Det samme gælder for lykke – det hjælper os til at forfølge og nå vigtige mål og opmuntrer os til at samarbejde med andre. Men ligesom vi ikke ønsker at føle os vrede eller triste i enhver sammenhæng, bør vi heller ikke have lyst til at opleve lykke i enhver sammenhæng.
Som psykolog Charles Carver har hævdet, signalerer positive følelser som lykke til os, at vores mål bliver opfyldt, hvilket sætter os i stand til at sætte farten ned, træde tilbage og mentalt kysse. Det er derfor, lykke faktisk kan skade os i konkurrence. Lysende undersøgelser udført af Maya Tamir viste, at mennesker i glad humør klarede sig dårligere end folk i vredt humør, når de spillede et konkurrencedygtigt computerspil.
I mit eget laboratorium har vi fundet ud af, at personer, der oplever lykke i upassende sammenhænge – såsom at se en film af et lille barn, der græder, eller den scene fra Trainspotting , når Ewan McGregor graver gennem et modbydelig afføringsdækket toilet – havde større risiko for at udvikle den følelsesmæssige lidelse mani.
Josh Gosfield/Corbis Lykken har en tid og et sted – den er ikke egnet til enhver situation!
3. Ikke alle former for lykke er gode for dig.
"Lykke" er et enkelt udtryk, men det refererer til en regnbue af forskellige smagsvarianter af følelser: Nogle gør os mere energiske, nogle bremser os; nogle får os til at føle os tættere på andre mennesker, nogle gør os mere generøse.
Men fremmer alle former for lykke disse fordele? Det lader ikke til. Faktisk tyder en mere nuanceret analyse af forskellige typer af lykke på, at nogle former faktisk kan være en kilde til dysfunktion.
Et eksempel er stolthed, en behagelig følelse forbundet med præstation og forhøjet social rang eller status. Som sådan ses det ofte som en form for positiv følelse, der får os til at fokusere mere på os selv. Stolthed kan være godt i visse sammenhænge og former, såsom at vinde en svær præmie eller modtage en forfremmelse.
Min forskning med Sheri Johnson og Dacher Keltner finder dog, at når vi oplever for meget stolthed eller stolthed uden ægte fortjeneste, kan det føre til negative sociale resultater, såsom aggressivitet over for andre, antisocial adfærd og endda en øget risiko for humørforstyrrelser såsom mani. Arbejde i gang i mit laboratorium, ledet af kandidatstuderende Hillary Devlin, understøtter den fristende forestilling om, at selvfokuserede positive følelser som stolthed faktisk kan hæmme vores evne til at føle empati eller tage en anden persons perspektiv i svære følelsesmæssige tider.
Den nederste linje: Visse former for lykke kan til tider hæmme vores evne til at forbinde os med dem omkring os.
4. At jage efter lykke kan faktisk gøre dig ulykkelig.
Ikke overraskende vil de fleste gerne være glade. Vi ser ud til at være fastkablet til at forfølge lykke, og det gælder især for amerikanere – det er endda indgroet i vores uafhængighedserklæring.
Men er det sundt at forfølge lykke? Banebrydende arbejde af Iris Mauss har for nylig understøttet den kontraintuitive idé om, at stræben efter lykke faktisk kan forårsage mere skade end gavn. Faktisk er det til tider, at jo mere folk stræber efter lykke, desto mindre ser de ud til at være i stand til at opnå den. Mauss viser, at jo mere folk stræber efter lykke, jo mere sandsynligt vil de være at sætte en høj standard for lykke – for så at blive skuffet, når den standard ikke er opfyldt. Dette gælder især, når folk var i positive sammenhænge, såsom at lytte til en optimistisk sang eller se et positivt filmklip. Det er som om, at jo hårdere man prøver at opleve lykke, jo sværere er det faktisk at føle sig lykkelig, selv i ellers behagelige situationer.
Mine kolleger og jeg bygger videre på denne forskning, som tyder på, at jagten på lykke også er forbundet med alvorlige psykiske problemer, såsom depression og bipolar lidelse. Det kan være, at stræben efter lykke faktisk driver nogle af os til vanvid.
Hvordan finder man sund lykke?
Men hvordan kan vi præcist opnå en sund dosis af lykke? Dette er million-dollar-spørgsmålet.
For det første er det vigtigt at opleve lykke i den rigtige mængde. For lidt lykke er lige så problematisk som for meget. For det andet har lykke en tid og et sted, og man skal være opmærksom på den kontekst eller situation, hvori man oplever lykke. For det tredje er det vigtigt at finde en følelsesmæssig balance. Man kan ikke opleve lykke på bekostning eller bekostning af negative følelser, såsom tristhed eller vrede eller skyld. Disse er alle en del af en kompleks opskrift på følelsesmæssig sundhed og hjælper os med at opnå et mere funderet perspektiv. Følelsesmæssig balance er afgørende.
Endelig er det vigtigt at forfølge og opleve lykke af de rigtige grunde. For meget fokus på at stræbe efter lykke som et mål i sig selv kan faktisk være selvdestruktiv. I stedet for at forsøge nidkært at finde lykke, bør vi arbejde på at opbygge accept af vores nuværende følelsesmæssige tilstand, hvad end det måtte være. Ægte lykke kommer tilsyneladende af at fremme venlighed over for andre – og over for dig selv.
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This is an interesting and controversial article. I love stuff like this. First of all I do believe that too much happiness can be unhealthy, in a sence that too much water is unhealthy. you can die from too much water but it has to be gallons at one time. I think that just like a relationship if you don't argue every once in a while then how are you going to know you truly love the person and care for them. As human beings we need different emotions, happy, sad, frustrated, infuriating; Without these emotions we can not love because we dont know what is good and what is bad. With the persuite of happeness i think the article pined the nail on the donkey with that one, as for everything else, i think they did not word it properly.
As I read comments that criticize the article, I generally agree: problems with definition of happiness, over-emphasis on mania, surprising and I think challengable link to excessive risk choices because "happiness" might block mindful self-care.
At least one comment mentions a general feeling of "contentment" as a description of what might be meant by "happiness", and this resonates with me. Others might add "feeling in harmony with oneself and relationship to larger world". Still others might add "feeling a general personal confidence about oneself in relationship to larger world."
One negative aspect of "happiness" I was surprised to *not* find is mentioned, but not developed. This is a link between an individual "happiness" and reduced ability to empathize. The possibility of such a link is worthy of thought.
The culture has been through a few decades of individuals pursuing personal development, with emphasis on "individual" and "personal" . In general, to my observation, this has been an excellent development. People have come to better understand themselves, have identified 'blocks', have repaired and healed with much good outcome.
As part of this self-discovery, self-help, movement, concepts of "happiness" and "positive thinking" have been emphasized and linked. "Happiness requires the practice of positive thinking." Both happiness and positive thinking have, to my observation, been treated without clear definition. Definitions are *assumed*, but unexamined. I'm going to focus on positive thinking as it may relate to reduced empathy.
To my observation - a *segment* of self-development enthusiasts practice "cultish devotion" to positive thinking. "Cult-type" emphasis includes advice such as "avoid exposure to negative thinkers or negative ideas" .
Those attached to what I characterize as cultish devotion, commonly believe that *any* life difficulty that has no immediate practical solution can be overcome by re-framing. Talk of possible causes of suffering that might be related to society's paradigms, institutions and policies lacks "bliss appeal".
Anyone offering socioeconomic political analysis may be "judged" as a negative thinker offering negative ideas. Descriptions of historical and current dynamics of power, wealth, racism, etc. are seen as unpleasant and toxic to personal well-being.
In relationship at a more personal level, cultish positive thinkers may claim they cannot "connect to" what they hear when an individual describes suffering and need. They may genuinely want to be helpful - but they can't imagine addressing human misery beyond a "make lemonade from lemons" solution.
My description of cultish devotion to positive thinking in pursuit of personal well-being (therefore a state of happiness), is incomplete. I've tried to briefly introduce "issues". The cultishness has been examined by social analysts - Barbara Ehrenreich's "Bright Sided - How Positive Thinking is Undermining America" grew from her experiences coping with cancer. She connects the dots - cancer is the experience from which she examines a wider trend. As an analyst and critic, of course, Ehrenreich can be dismissed as a "negative" thinker! http://www.barbaraehrenreic...
It seems I've "used" this article to sound off on an aside theme that I find important. The title of the article, after all, is "Four Ways Happiness Can Hurt You", not "How Pursuit of Happiness Can Reduce Empathic Capacity Within a Society". Hampered empathy is only briefly mentioned, but it caught my attention, and my study of human behavior has led me to believe lack of empathy from "happy" folk may be linked to cultish practice of "positive thinking".
I've been involved in "people watching and social criticism" for much of my life. My criticism springs from a powerful optimism about human potential! In fact, I believe conditions as we enter the 21stC "demand" that we apply valid ideas on personal happiness to community wellness, that we expand changes on behalf of personal well-being to include changes in dysfunctional institutions and policy. We learn of institutional and policy dysfunction through empathy (belief of another's struggle) and critical, analytical, examination of issues and power dynamics. Research and intuitive common sense both confirm that "felt" individual well-being depends on community context. Small personal communities always exist within larger socioeconomic political communities - of more complex dynamics. More on this can be found in the work of Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett, found at http://www.equalitytrust.or....
[Hide Full Comment]mr Stanford of today's daily was annoyed. ms Tippett, doesn't know even smallest provocation that made Standford behave such uncontrolled behavior. you know, I didn't do anything bad. So why frightening again. The saddest thing is that Ms can't guess why you write that but she can understand you are annoyed. Review the causes please instead using force or strangling an innocent miss. She doesn't know car accidents or anything bad happened to you but she understands that you felt pain which she didn't cause. if it is that small statements "woman spoke up"which she apologized, accept apologies. If you would like Ms completely truss in you, you have to talk where you believe she doesn't. It is simple and if you continue spinal things, you are forcing a Ms to become Mr. Ms really feels that you have some type of pain but she didn't cause-trust her.
@Jeanine, am listening please. thank you
Pursuing happiness is not "BEing happy".
You are doing a disservice to people by this article.
Emotions are a sense, like taste, touch, smell, hearing and seeing.
Emotions come in response to thoughts.
They also provide guidance from your "Higher Self".
Your Higher Self sends you a message that says "that is the right direction" when you think a thought that feels better than the last thought you thought.
When your new thought feels worse the message is "You're going the wrong way now. Turn around."
It is as simple as this and not listening to the guidance is never the right choice.
@travelmmn:disqus pursuing happiness doesn't cause the two. I posit there can be relations like my case where happiness is pursued in dread. What do you think, they need to pursue? Some are said need marriage, some doctors, some divine. What do you think, Travelmmn?
The assertion that research suggests that pursuit of happiness is associated with serious mental health problems, such as depression and bipolar disorder implies that pursuing happiness causes these disorders, but I would hope researchers would look into causality. I would posit that people with depression or bipolar disorder are more likely to pursue happiness, as they feel this is what they lack, which would lead to this association, not the other way around.
@3f80abfeff1e02b26cdef8954007e98c:disqus it was not wasted time. It was to knowledge and others might benefited it.
Thank you
As I was reading this, all I could think about was how wasteful is to spend so much time THINKING about why happiness is not good instead of just going out and living your life and stumbling onto little happy moments betwixt and between the others. And then remembering to appreciate them instead of stopping to ask yourself if this is a happy moment or is this a moment that's not really good for me. I think too much thinking about it sorta ruins the whole experience.
today's dailygood got me right. I remember operating a store of scientific research age 17. Mine wasn't nuclear but animals esp insects. My big problem was how I could keep people away from the store of the study. I was exactly like Taylor because the word "can't" I don't believe. Hazmat team and arrest isn't known and never liked. It is always good to make understandable because one might cleaned family's contaminated for may be another family.what is the other please?catastrophic result? that is scaring and is not known. well, Taylor is with you and feels sorry for your time. Well, Washington can't say 'get this very small to die or to live with it for being honesty and stupid awesome."
The story interested me I had forehead and eyes pain I thought Computer caused but didn't feel while I was reading today's daily.
Thank you
@Kayee, well, I give my definition to the website of last night. Didn't it publish? I wrote a lot of explanations. And happy people connect people around them. but if happy people are busy on things they don't. it is a meaningful question. @be276523f26ecbd80bf429fabaafa852:disqus , I followed the link but mbs ended anyway it was interesting how the guy talked. I will update unlimited internet. West striving materials, they are right because I one time tried a woman near her car. she was standing and I was practicing accent I just copied from a movie. So I wanted to greet her yet she saw me before. She just looked very innocent and changed the direction. I was really embarrassed because my intention wasn't to cause inconvenience. I then thought of how such issue could be addressed. I started a work. The work then threatened my well-being and sucked my savings. I then asked myself, do I deserve? I then continued not knowing realities because money lost in good is good. This story is not meant to provoke anyone because the story of the woman happened 2010 there was also another woman in swimming pool and another woman who worked in embassy they all seemed to not feel comfortable.
[Hide Full Comment]Thougha man who I met in consul was not displeased. He even joked. So the NGO work started this way- it is real.
My belief is that joy is all of it ...the very fact that we can experience all the emotions and can be at choice as to how we respond is joyful empowerment. I like the whole notion of leading a happy, engaged and meaningful life...irrespective of current circumstances. My radio program presents a holistic and integrated approach to wellbing, tapping into the sugnature strengths, multiple intelligences and using the art of improv ( acting) to be in the moment. www.planetaudio.org.nz/radi...
The article completely misses the point about happiness. Happiness is never achieved by pursuing it. Achieving goals and material wealth gives a temporary feeling of well being but true happiness comes from within. The West seems obsessed with material gains and success believing when they have been achieved one will be happy but when one reaches the goal we change The goal Suggest listen to TED talk by Shawn Achor VERY FUNNY AND INFORMATIVE Check out this amazing TED Talk:
Shawn Achor: The happy secret to better work
http://www.ted.com/talks/sh...
I have never met a person who is constantly in a happiness mode. Most people that I had ever, met seem to have a range of emotions. This sounds like an article one had to write to get their name on something just to say they have something in print. What is the writer's definition of happiness? I would think contentment would be a very nice goal in life and would create a balanced life as well. This could also be described as happiness. Can a happy person really be hindered to connect with those around them, Really?
@facebook-100002669703787:disqus we always do many things but we have to balance them. No one can be 100% good. but what I know is that the more we try to be good the more we are.
I posted a comment to http://smartliving365.com/?...
about happiness am not sure if it waits published.
This article caught my eye because it follows the kind of "too much good is bad" scare tactic of a lot of healthy living articles.
I really relate with the part about the pursuit of happiness. I've always been the ambitious type, people-pleaser, cheerful host. Almost my whole life, I've poured my energy into APPEARING happy to make other people around me feel good, to make other people around me feel like I had everything under control and the world on my side.
Especially once I began Health Coaching as a career, I wanted people to see that I'd figured it all out and was living the dream life. Behind closed doors, though, I was super stressed, I was binge eating sweets at night, I was feeling like a failure and a fraud, and was deeply UNhappy.
It took a lot of work and opening to see how I needed to take time and energy to nourish myself, relax and feed my own soul. I was giving and working way too much - trying to be a happy success - and starving myself of the stuff a happy life is made out of in the process. I didn't need all the sugar I was craving - I needed more sweetness in my life! Ahhhh...
[Hide Full Comment]what else can i say. it is all a bulk of good writig and composite combination of intellectual make-up. just really likes it.
I believe it is better to BE happy than to PURSUIT happiness. Being happy means for me, being content with my life, appreciating what is around me and experience life every second as a great gift and chance. This also includes changing things that make me angry. Enjoy your lifes, everyone! It is the only one we've got.
I agree that the blind pursuit of happiness can be problematic--that's because we often have opposing definitions of what it really means. That's why I wrote a blog post that defines happiness in a way that makes it more sense of well-being than just a giddy emotion...if interested, here is a link to the article.... http://smartliving365.com/?...
great science. I was one of the people who were know excited all the times. I was and I like to be happy always. Well, I agree to be more happy can make one loose creativity and loose the idea of making development. As I said I overdrive happiness but if am to employ a worker I would prefer one who doesn't overdrive happiness. I understood mine 2005 I then decided to remain middle at schools and workplaces and when free or a lone I like to look what interests me or pleases me. I had 5 face books where I followed events different names. Most of my friends I meet personally and some of them I follow facebook and they don't know am following them. Because they comment and expect me to socialize with them and I can't. So I understood I might open facebook once in a month , they would think am not respecting them.
I try what I want to do and if I fail I feel like I need to be nowhere. That is why I decided to live earth as a famous person or a rich. Without the two I I can't say life is worth. If someone I had been saying good many years broke me one minute I finalized that people harm.
The person I blogged first than any other thing. I was helpless more than anyone else my tears told me. I also seen sadness and I can tell when people are sad esp anger caused is very bad. So happiness is best only few people can take my pleasure but no one can return because advice only helps me to be to know something. My feelings are only solved by me. this is why I can be very happy while I should not. I have some skills to remain happy but some people can take it easily because I don't have defensive enzymes if people know me.
I am very kind. And sometimes some woman cry but really you can learn it is a kind of advertisements and achievements affects people life.
Thank you
[Hide Full Comment]This is the first time I have ever seen an absolutely ridiculous article on one of my favorite sites (Daily Good). Just one of the many things in it that made no sense was "People in this heightened ‘happiness overdrive’ mode engage in riskier behaviors and tend to disregard threats, including excessive alcohol consumption, binge eating, sexual promiscuity, and drug use."
People who are happy do not engage in " excessive alcohol consumption, binge eating, sexual promiscuity, and drug use." That type of behavior is what people who are seeking a way to hide from their unhappiness engage in.
I drink no alcoholic beverages, eat a healthy vegetarian diet of 1200 - 1400 calories a day (I'm 4'8"), am celibate and use no recreational drugs. When I have a day that I am feeling down, I simply examine what I am feeling and what is going on in my life and use a variety of spiritual practices to rebalance myself, supplemented with a healthy dose of laughter yoga as needed. No, I am not running around giggling hysterically all day but my normal emotional state ranges between calm contentment to a sense of quiet joyfulness.
My impression of this article is that the studies were done on (if not by) very emotionally unhealthy people and are not at all representative of the type of happiness that is a normal part of the daily life of someone who lives a healthy lifestyle and engages in daily spiritual practices.
Please Daily Good, think twice before posting an article like this again. I think it does a disservice to your readers.
[Hide Full Comment]I found this article confusing and focusing more on 'mania' then anything else. Happiness is a personal thing and most times cannot be 'measured'. I find studies like this (in my personal opinion) to be a waste of time. Any study can be made to say whatever you wish it to say, depending on the outcome you are looking for.
I do agree that to feel 'too much' happiness takes one out of balance. I am more interested in balance, not just 'happiness'.
This is interesting...there is a Russian writer named Vadim Zeland who wrote the "Reality Transurfing" books in which he describes the downside of creating what he calls "excessive potentials" The book is eaoteric in every way, but so much of what he says makes sense and reading this article made me think of his books. At Manifesting Greatness we are always walking that fine line of wanting something but always from a place of knowing it is already there (otherwise we are putting out the vibration of lack, which then is matched by the outer factual world). It is so fascinating how this external outer world is constantly reflecting back to us our inner state of being, the question is are you working to manipulate the outer world by seeking happiness outside yourself, or is the quest one that starts from, and unfolds from, within. The only way "happiness" could possibly be bad for us is because we've forgotten its ultimate source
Thanks for the article, I found it really encouraging! It is good to be reminded that the acceptance of the whole of life is where we find balance. Also, I am reminded of a church seminar I attended a few years ago which was titled 'The Pursuit of Happiness?' The main lesson I got from that seminar was that happiness is not so much a goal, but more a side effect of a balanced and holistically healthy life, of which conciously treating other people as you would like to be treated (aka kindness!), is an integral part. I remember thinking as a child that if everybody looked out for everybody else then everybody would be looked after - I find it hard to argue with my ten year old logic, now I just have to remember to keep my end up in the grown up world, where not everyone plays by that rule!
instead "of pursuing happiness
itself"..i find that acknowledging that i am part of the greater whole of
life and at once and the same a unique being (i am) gives me the courage to believe in my self and my
reason to be “here.” This opens the path of seeking the "genie" the gift we are all born
with that we are wired to share with the world. This whole vision thinking
creates a happy that thrives on the risks taken in “true direction” and opens
our minds to new possibilities as we grow into our “beingness” As this
resonates with "knowing" - a thought
emotion convergence zone nestled physically in the core - you know it when you
feel it!! Getting past our cultural boundaries is the hardest part; the old
beliefs are always ready to pull one under. Acknowledge and look for solutions that are beyond the "down"
As you bring your gift forward, your strength and happiness expand, it is so worth it! Then be grateful…thank the universe for the dance!
Just experiment, see what unfolds.
[Hide Full Comment]Maybe I'm not seeing what the definition of happiness is in this article? I consider myself happy, most of the time. And I equate that with being content with my life. I trust people until I am proven wrong, I try to see good in everyone, and sometimes that is difficult. I also try not to judge and criticize, and sometimes that's pretty difficult too! But all in all, I like my life, and I think I'm pretty happy with it.
This article is poorly thought out and a real disappointment. If there are different kinds of happiness, why save that for point 3? It would make more sense to identify them at the outset and discuss how they may differ and create different challenges. Really, this reads like an off-the-cuff meandering across the topic, not something to be taken seriously.