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Charles Darwin mempunyai salah satu yang paling hebat "aha!" detik-detik dalam semua sejarah ketika menulis karya besarnya On The Origin of Species . Selepas membaca buku yang ditulis 40 tahun lebih awal mengenai pertumbuhan populasi dan persaingan sumber, Darwin serta-merta melihat kaitan dengan variasi antara spesies yang dia perhatikan di Galapagos -- dan voila , teori pemilihan semula jadi telah dilahirkan.
"Darwin membaca buku ini dan berkata, 'Wah, itu sahaja!' Itu menunjukkan 'aha!' mendapatkan sekeping maklumat baharu, dan melihat implikasi dan melihat bagaimana ia sesuai," ahli psikologi kognitif Gary Klein, pengarang Melihat Apa Yang Orang Lain Tidak: Cara Luar Biasa Kami Mendapat Wawasan , memberitahu The Huffington Post. "Itu adalah perubahan yang tidak dijangka dalam pemahamannya."
Epifani dan kilatan kejelasan yang tiba-tiba ini cenderung datang pada saat yang paling tidak dijangka. Jadi adakah kita mempunyai sebarang kawalan ke atas cerapan ini, dan adakah terdapat cara untuk melatih otak agar lebih selaras dengannya? Cerapan mungkin tidak dijangka, tetapi kita sebenarnya boleh mengajar diri kita sendiri untuk melihat hubungan yang orang lain mungkin tidak pernah perasan.
"Wawasan ialah perubahan yang tidak dijangka dalam cara kita memahami sesuatu," kata Klein. "Ia datang tanpa amaran. Ia bukan sesuatu yang kami fikir akan berlaku dan itulah sebabnya ia tidak dijangka. Rasanya seperti hadiah dan sebenarnya ia adalah."
Berikut ialah lima perkara yang perlu anda ketahui tentang cerapan -- dan cara untuk membawa lebih banyak "aha!" detik dalam hidup anda.
ingin tahu.
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Menjadi ingin tahu ialah cara terbaik untuk menjadi lebih berwawasan, kata Klein, dan kekurangan cerapan selalunya datang daripada berada dalam keadaan fikiran yang pasif dan tidak berminat.
"Keingintahuan adalah satu lagi enjin wawasan," kata Klein. "Orang yang mendapat cerapan melihat sesuatu yang agak meleset, dan bukannya mengabaikannya, mereka ingin tahu tentang perkara itu. Rasa ingin tahu membuatkan fikiran kita terus aktif untuk memikirkan implikasinya."
Biarkan fikiran anda melayang.
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Kajian psikologi pada tahun 2012 mendapati bahawa lamunan -- walaupun kelihatan pasif -- sebenarnya melibatkan keadaan otak yang sangat aktif, itulah sebabnya fikiran yang mengembara kadang-kadang boleh tersandung pada pandangan yang cemerlang dan hubungan yang tiba-tiba. Para penyelidik mengkreditkan fenomena ini kepada fakta bahawa lamunan berkait rapat dengan keupayaan kita untuk mengingati maklumat dalam menghadapi gangguan. Penyelidikan neurosains baru-baru ini juga mendapati bahawa lamunan melibatkan proses otak yang sama yang terlibat dalam imaginasi dan kreativiti.
"Saya bimbang tentang orang yang menghabiskan semua masa kosong mereka apabila mereka tidak dalam perbualan mendengar muzik atau podcast atau perkara seperti itu, dan tidak meninggalkan sebarang ruang untuk hanya berkhayal," kata Klein.
Beri perhatian kepada kebetulan.
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"Berhati-hati dengan anomali," kata Klein, "daripada menjelaskannya dengan cepat dan kekal dalam zon selesa anda."
Kita cenderung untuk mengabaikan kebetulan atau tidak terlalu memikirkannya, kerana ia selalunya tidak bermakna, kata Klein. Tetapi mencari kebetulan adalah cara yang berkesan untuk membuat sambungan yang mengejutkan.
"Terdapat kepercayaan bahawa korelasi tidak membayangkan kausalitas, yang benar. Orang ramai melihat semua jenis korelasi secara bertepatan yang ternyata palsu, jadi mereka mendapat reputasi buruk," kata Klein. "Tetapi dalam kerja saya, saya mendapati bahawa banyak pandangan diberikan oleh orang yang melihat kebetulan dan membuat andaian, dan bukannya hanya berkata 'Ia mesti benar,' melakukan kerja susulan untuk mengetahui sama ada ia benar."
Lihat dengan teliti percanggahan.
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Cerapan boleh berlaku apabila kita menemui idea yang tidak masuk akal kepada kita.
Mempersoalkan percanggahan adalah satu lagi jalan menuju pencerahan. Walaupun rasa ingin tahu membuatkan kita tertanya-tanya, percanggahan menyebabkan kita ragu -- dan ia boleh menjadi satu lagi cara yang berkesan untuk mendapatkan cerapan.
"Kecenderungan kita apabila kita terkena percanggahan yang melibatkan perkara yang kita percaya kita faham dengan baik adalah untuk berkata, 'Nah, itu pasti anomali.' Kami mempunyai satu set teknik yang hebat untuk menjelaskan fakta yang menyusahkan," kata Klein. "Percanggahan hanya membawa kepada pandangan apabila orang mengambilnya dengan cukup serius untuk menerokanya sedikit."
Bertindak berdasarkan pandangan anda.
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Mengelamun bukan satu-satunya keadaan fikiran yang boleh membawa kepada cerapan.
"Saya telah menemui beberapa contoh di mana orang ramai berada di bawah tekanan yang luar biasa dan menghasilkan pandangan yang mengagumkan," kata Klein. "Kita harus menerima keadaan mendesak."
Keadaan mendesak ini memaksa orang ramai melihat perkara yang mereka abaikan (apa yang Klein rujuk sebagai "terdesak kreatif"), dan apabila mereka mendapat cerapan, menggalakkan mereka untuk bertindak segera. Beginilah selalunya master catur mencuba langkah luar biasa yang akhirnya berjaya dan memenangi permainan untuk mereka.
"Masalah dengan terlalu banyak organisasi ialah mereka tidak merasakan sebarang tekanan untuk bertindak berdasarkan pandangan yang mereka ada," kata Klein. "Mereka bertindak seperti mereka mempunyai sepanjang masa di dunia dan kemudian mereka akhirnya gulung tikar."
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In my line of work I have to look for the bad things people do,hier I am reminded that people are actually good circumstance make them sometimes do bad things!
DailyGood helps me to be creative, innovative and stimulus to my thought process.
Be curious and Act on your insights have helped me a lot in my work-teaching
and interacting with people.
Travel extensively,speak to different kinds of people in distress,then we will be able to overcome many obstacles.
As a patient and student of deep psychotherapy it is my opinion that before it is possible to gain true value from these tips, before a brain can be trained to see the things others miss, a person must first become wholly aware of themselves, their part in the world and relationships, their impact on people and things around them. I believe that if you are not wholly aware of yourself you will always see the world through a filter.
In your article: "Train Your Brain To See What Others Don't See" you give the advises:
"Be curious, - Let your mind wander, - Pay attention to coincidences, - Look closely at contradictions, - Act on your insights."
I have some doubts that there are people who can follow this realizing and practicing what you say, in their daily life. From my experience with people over the last eighty years, I must say, that when people are told this, then it might be like saying to a person who has been blind all ones life: "Open your eyes and see!"
There was a man in humans history, who tried this two thousand years ago. It doesn't seem like he had succeeded, at least not with people in the years after, - up to our days...
So I would suggest, before telling an audience something like this, to find out first the basic condition of those people you are directing your advice and check if they are really capable to realize these advises in their daily life.
[Hide Full Comment]More clear and direct it would be, when you give the title: "How to *grow* within your daily life, so that your *Awareness* can expend in the most effective way, so that you see, what others don't see!" And then you can give practical advises people can easily follow. Then to those few between your audience, who are a step ahead of others and have started to have some doubts about their existence and their surrounding, you could give information about their condition in that they are stuck, telling them, that this is part of their survival need, keeping with what they are identified: Their established mindset, with all concepts, beliefs, knowledge and of course their precious self image. You can tell them, that they are trapped in an illusion and that their established mindset is the result of centuries of misinterpretation and manipulation and so they are trying to live a fake reality. You can tell them, that they are
unconsciously reacting out of their programs received during their life time from all influences. To all this they might not listen, but when you tell them, that all their suffering is the result of the dilemma, that what they want in life because of their programmed expectation and then they can't fulfill this in their daily life, - then they might listen. As every body is suffering more or less. But probably only those will really listen, who have suffered to such an extend, that they are at the end of their possibilities, - after they have used all available tricks to survive... Then you can freely give essential and creative advice, how to get out of this condition, to free oneself from the straitjacket of ones mindset and then indeed *see* what others can't!
By the way: I have been writing about this subject since many years and recently also at Face Book and Answers Yahoo, but nobody is interested. The same as with the place I have created here in the middle of the island Ibiza, in beautiful nature, for a group of people living
together, who might be interested in their *growing*. But now after forty years of struggling to find such people, I'm at the point to give up. People are just interested to be confirmed in their established mindset and not to go beyond this, using their 'brain' to *see*!...
I find another way to increase the mental process of connections is to share ideas out with others, sometimes discussions had just describing a protracted path of thought - what I'm realising over a series of months - can turn into a learning experience just listening to myself and feeding off the other person's thoughts and reactions. links and connections can suddenly appear from new perspectives.
thank you for writing and sharing. This is part of the being mindful as experience leads to seeing the interrelated aspect of everything. Which leads to more need "to share." I find these are strange days for messengers. As old media sources are called out, as trust is evaporating -many are feeling the "what the?" of cognitive dissonance and in the confusion will often "attack said messenger. i am working on ways to turn this from a fight model to a learning model . Any ideas appreciated!
Seeing differently has been a threat to "authority" a hellishly long time. Going forward is exciting, frustrating and full of "ahas" - almost daily these days...so worth it!! However, please, just be prepared. and Please share the insights gained. Our children, everyone's, all species, Life, the whole of consciousness, the whole of possibilities, wants us to show up, evolution depends on it (devolution is EZ) "do, be, do, be, do" (Amit Goswami) The more the merrier, the faster the better.
[Hide Full Comment]Another way is to engage in non-evaluative brainstorming that produces many possible next steps.