查尔斯·达尔文在撰写其巨著《物种起源》时，经历了历史上最伟大的“顿悟”时刻之一。在阅读了一本40年前关于人口增长和资源竞争的书籍后，达尔文立刻意识到这与他在加拉帕戈斯群岛观察到的物种变异有着联系——瞧，自然选择理论就此诞生。
“达尔文读了这本书后说，‘哇，就是它了！’这正是顿悟的时刻，他获得了新的信息，明白了它的意义，也明白了它如何与之前的认知相契合，”认知心理学家加里·克莱因（Gary Klein）告诉《赫芬顿邮报》。克莱因是《洞察他人所不能见：我们获得洞见的非凡方式》（Seeing What Others Don't: The Remarkable Ways We Gain Insights ）一书的作者。“这对他来说是一次意想不到的理解转变。”
这些顿悟和灵光乍现往往在最意想不到的时刻出现。那么，我们能否掌控这些洞察力？是否存在某种方法可以训练大脑，使其更加敏锐地捕捉到它们？洞察力或许出乎意料，但我们确实可以训练自己去发现他人可能永远无法察觉的联系。
克莱因说：“顿悟是指我们对事物理解方式的意外转变。它来得毫无预兆。我们不会预料到它会发生，所以它才出乎意料。它感觉像一份礼物，事实上也的确如此。”
以下是关于洞察力你应该了解的五件事，以及如何在生活中获得更多“顿悟”时刻的方法。
保持好奇心。
克莱因说，保持好奇心是变得更有洞察力的最佳途径，而缺乏洞察力往往源于消极和漠不关心的心态。
克莱因说：“好奇心是洞察力的另一大引擎。那些有洞察力的人，如果发现某些事情有点不对劲，他们不会置之不理，而是会对此感到好奇。好奇心让我们保持专注，去思考其中的含义。”
让思绪自由飘荡。
2012年的一项心理学研究发现，白日梦——尽管看似被动——实际上涉及一种非常活跃的大脑状态，这就是为什么走神时有时会迸发出绝妙的灵感和瞬间的联想。研究人员认为，这种现象源于白日梦与我们在分心情况下回忆信息的能力密切相关。近期神经科学研究也发现，白日梦涉及与想象力和创造力相同的脑部活动。
克莱因说：“我担心有些人把所有空闲时间都用来听音乐、播客之类的东西，而不是用来做白日梦。”
注意巧合之处。
克莱因说：“要对异常情况保持警惕，而不是迅速地为之辩解，并待在自己的舒适区里。”
克莱因说，我们往往会忽略巧合，或者对它们不以为意，因为它们通常毫无意义。但寻找巧合却是建立令人意想不到的联系的有效方法。
“人们普遍认为相关性并不意味着因果关系，这没错。人们常常把各种巧合看作是虚假的相关性，所以这种说法名声不好，”克莱因说。“但在我的工作中，我发现很多真知灼见都源于人们发现巧合并做出假设，而不是简单地断言‘这一定是真的’，而是会进行后续研究来验证其真伪。”
仔细观察矛盾之处。
当我们遇到一些我们无法理解的想法时，灵感就会油然而生。
质疑矛盾是通往顿悟的另一条途径。好奇心驱使我们思考，而矛盾则引发我们的怀疑——这或许是获得洞见的另一种有效方式。
克莱因说：“当我们遇到自认为很了解的事物中存在的矛盾时，我们往往会说，‘嗯，这一定是反常现象。’我们有一套绝妙的技巧来解释那些不方便的事实。只有当人们足够认真地去探究矛盾时，它才能带来新的洞见。”
将你的洞察力付诸行动。
白日梦并不是唯一能带来顿悟的精神状态。
克莱因说：“我发现很多例子表明，人们在巨大的压力下提出了绝妙的见解。我们应该拥抱紧迫感。”
这种紧迫感迫使人们关注那些他们原本会忽略的事物（克莱因称之为“创造性的绝望”），一旦他们获得洞见，就会立即采取行动。这通常就是国际象棋特级大师们尝试非常规走法并最终取得成功、赢得比赛的方式。
克莱因说：“很多机构的问题在于，他们感觉不到任何压力去将他们获得的洞察付诸行动。他们好像有的是时间，结果最终都倒闭了。”
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In my line of work I have to look for the bad things people do,hier I am reminded that people are actually good circumstance make them sometimes do bad things!
DailyGood helps me to be creative, innovative and stimulus to my thought process.
Be curious and Act on your insights have helped me a lot in my work-teaching
and interacting with people.
Travel extensively,speak to different kinds of people in distress,then we will be able to overcome many obstacles.
As a patient and student of deep psychotherapy it is my opinion that before it is possible to gain true value from these tips, before a brain can be trained to see the things others miss, a person must first become wholly aware of themselves, their part in the world and relationships, their impact on people and things around them. I believe that if you are not wholly aware of yourself you will always see the world through a filter.
In your article: "Train Your Brain To See What Others Don't See" you give the advises:
"Be curious, - Let your mind wander, - Pay attention to coincidences, - Look closely at contradictions, - Act on your insights."
I have some doubts that there are people who can follow this realizing and practicing what you say, in their daily life. From my experience with people over the last eighty years, I must say, that when people are told this, then it might be like saying to a person who has been blind all ones life: "Open your eyes and see!"
There was a man in humans history, who tried this two thousand years ago. It doesn't seem like he had succeeded, at least not with people in the years after, - up to our days...
So I would suggest, before telling an audience something like this, to find out first the basic condition of those people you are directing your advice and check if they are really capable to realize these advises in their daily life.
[Hide Full Comment]More clear and direct it would be, when you give the title: "How to *grow* within your daily life, so that your *Awareness* can expend in the most effective way, so that you see, what others don't see!" And then you can give practical advises people can easily follow. Then to those few between your audience, who are a step ahead of others and have started to have some doubts about their existence and their surrounding, you could give information about their condition in that they are stuck, telling them, that this is part of their survival need, keeping with what they are identified: Their established mindset, with all concepts, beliefs, knowledge and of course their precious self image. You can tell them, that they are trapped in an illusion and that their established mindset is the result of centuries of misinterpretation and manipulation and so they are trying to live a fake reality. You can tell them, that they are
unconsciously reacting out of their programs received during their life time from all influences. To all this they might not listen, but when you tell them, that all their suffering is the result of the dilemma, that what they want in life because of their programmed expectation and then they can't fulfill this in their daily life, - then they might listen. As every body is suffering more or less. But probably only those will really listen, who have suffered to such an extend, that they are at the end of their possibilities, - after they have used all available tricks to survive... Then you can freely give essential and creative advice, how to get out of this condition, to free oneself from the straitjacket of ones mindset and then indeed *see* what others can't!
By the way: I have been writing about this subject since many years and recently also at Face Book and Answers Yahoo, but nobody is interested. The same as with the place I have created here in the middle of the island Ibiza, in beautiful nature, for a group of people living
together, who might be interested in their *growing*. But now after forty years of struggling to find such people, I'm at the point to give up. People are just interested to be confirmed in their established mindset and not to go beyond this, using their 'brain' to *see*!...
I find another way to increase the mental process of connections is to share ideas out with others, sometimes discussions had just describing a protracted path of thought - what I'm realising over a series of months - can turn into a learning experience just listening to myself and feeding off the other person's thoughts and reactions. links and connections can suddenly appear from new perspectives.
thank you for writing and sharing. This is part of the being mindful as experience leads to seeing the interrelated aspect of everything. Which leads to more need "to share." I find these are strange days for messengers. As old media sources are called out, as trust is evaporating -many are feeling the "what the?" of cognitive dissonance and in the confusion will often "attack said messenger. i am working on ways to turn this from a fight model to a learning model . Any ideas appreciated!
Seeing differently has been a threat to "authority" a hellishly long time. Going forward is exciting, frustrating and full of "ahas" - almost daily these days...so worth it!! However, please, just be prepared. and Please share the insights gained. Our children, everyone's, all species, Life, the whole of consciousness, the whole of possibilities, wants us to show up, evolution depends on it (devolution is EZ) "do, be, do, be, do" (Amit Goswami) The more the merrier, the faster the better.
[Hide Full Comment]Another way is to engage in non-evaluative brainstorming that produces many possible next steps.