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这位CEO将自己90%的薪水都给了员工。

你愿意捐出90%的薪水吗?Gravity Payments的首席执行官丹·普莱斯就这么做了,并将这笔钱分给了他的员工。这固然值得称赞,但这能否为更广泛的薪酬平等铺平道路呢?

今年四月,一家美国科技公司的首席执行官做了一件在现代商业界几乎没有先例的事情:他捐出了自己90%的薪水,将员工的最低年薪提高到7万美元。

西雅图 Gravity Payments 的首席执行官丹·普莱斯回忆起他向 120 名员工宣布这一决定时的情景:“当时一片死寂。有些人面面相觑,下巴都快掉下来了,然后有人竟然让我再说一遍。接着,团队开始鼓掌、欢呼,互相击掌庆祝。那真是个激动人心的时刻。”

普莱斯是在阅读了普林斯顿大学安格斯·迪顿和丹尼尔·卡尼曼教授的一项研究后做出这个决定的。该研究发现,收入越高,人们的幸福感也越高,直到收入达到7.5万美元的临界点,超过这个临界点后,额外的收入对幸福感的影响就微乎其微了。起初,普莱斯在财务上举步维艰,但过了一段时间后,他意识到,通过降低自己的薪水并动用一些公司利润,他就能负担得起。尽管为此忧心忡忡,甚至连续两周夜里噩梦连连,普莱斯最终还是决定付诸行动。

但普莱斯的决定只是薪酬不平等现象中的沧海一粟。据高薪中心主任黛博拉·哈格里夫斯称,美国首席执行官的平均年收入为1170万美元,是普通员工的331倍。在英国,富时100指数公司的老板现在只需两天就能赚到普通员工一年的收入。过去五年,英国首席执行官的平均薪酬增长了近100万英镑,而其他所有人的收入却停滞不前。“这极大地加剧了各国国内的不平等,”哈格里夫斯说,“尤其是在美国和英国。这导致了社会的巨大两极分化,我认为这非常不健康。”

伦敦政治经济学院的亚历山大·佩珀教授指出,薪酬不平等现象已经持续了几十年。上世纪八十年代,多种因素共同推动高管薪酬一路飙升。具有讽刺意味的是,其中许多因素,例如提高透明度的规定,原本旨在产生相反的效果。佩珀认为,信息披露的增加反而引发了“跟风效应”,高管们看到其他CEO从事同样的工作却拿着更高的薪水,便也要求加薪。另一个因素是与绩效挂钩的薪酬形式(例如股票和长期激励计划)的增加。“为了补偿你即将获得非现金形式的奖励,而且这些奖励还要过一段时间才能到账,”佩珀解释道,“我必须给你更多的奖励。”此外,所谓的“囚徒困境”也是一个原因。薪酬委员会为了避免吸引能力低于平均水平的CEO,总是倾向于支付略高于平均水平的薪酬——而其他人也纷纷效仿,从而形成了一种恶性循环。

但是,有什么办法可以阻止这种情况发生吗?

丹·普莱斯的例子是否为其他CEO提供了一个可以效仿的商业和道德典范?普莱斯本人认为可以,他相信让员工摆脱经济压力能让他们更好地专注于工作。

“我并不是想用胡萝卜加大棒来激励员工,”他说,“而是希望他们能够释放热情,继续为客户提供优质服务,而不是被各种担忧分散精力。” 他列举了其他一些近期的例子,比如佛罗里达州的一位高管受到普莱斯的启发,给所有员工普遍加薪30%到50%。另一个例子是Gravity Payments的一位客户,他们节省了7000美元的手续费。“他没有把这笔钱留给自己,而是决定拿出这笔钱,再加上他自己的一些利润,给公司里的每个人都加薪,”普莱斯说道。

黛博拉·哈格里夫斯对许多首席执行官效仿这种做法不太乐观,但她确实认为,符合道德规范的薪酬政策具有明显的商业意义。

“薪酬比例较低的工作场所缺勤率、劳资纠纷和工作压力都较低,因此效率更高。” 哈格里夫斯举例说,约翰·路易斯百货公司(John Lewis)的最高薪酬比例为75:1,该公司以员工士气高昂而闻名。约翰·路易斯合伙公司委托撰写的一份报告显示,像他们这样薪酬体系本身就更公平的员工持股公司更具韧性,并且在经济低迷时期表现优于其他市场企业。

哈格里夫斯认为,我们需要终止首席执行官的绩效薪酬制度,用现金奖金取代股权激励,并彻底废除长期激励计划。她还希望改革薪酬委员会,因为这些委员会本身通常由其他首席执行官和高管组成。但她也认为,这需要更广泛的文化变革:“我希望人们能够开始炫耀自己捐赠了多少钱,而不是自己得到了多少钱。”

丹·普莱斯并不认为他的例子对所有公司来说都是最佳选择,但他希望这能激励其他CEO做出更好的改变。就他自己而言,在经历了种种担忧之后,他确信这是一个正确的决定:“那是我感觉最快乐的时刻。对我来说,这是我花过的最值的一笔钱。”

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Kristin Pedemonti Jun 7, 2017

A phenomenal action by what sounds like a phenomenal human being, may others follow suit. This said by someone who sold her very modest home and most of her possessions in 2005 to create and facilitate a volunteer literacy project in Belize (upon invitation) super grateful. I've learned how little in way of possessions I need and how important people are rather than possessions or large sums of money. I have enough to get by and it has made all the difference in my heart. mind and spirit. <3

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Rosemary Jun 5, 2017

What an amazing read early in the morn. I spend a lot of time in the US as a tourist and find the average person cherishes what they have regardless and so many people older like myself work for very little but still don,t grumble. Congrats to a CEO who cares. Wish you all health and happiness.

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Symin Jun 5, 2017

Inspiring. Thank you Dan Price. Every bit of selflessness contributes to a better world.

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Kay Urlich Jun 5, 2017

Dan Price: a true leader who has set the tone for others to follow. Walking his talk!!

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Patricia Brown Jun 5, 2017

I admire Mr Dan Price's move to help his employees reduce their financial burden. Yes when employees are satisfied with their salaries and have few debts they do tend to focus more on their jobs and even work longer hours to help their companies achieve their targeted goal. God Bless you Mr Dan Price and I pray other CEOs will follow your example.

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pauldurbs Jun 5, 2017

I am by no means a CEO but if I can help someone financially or with food or clothing it will be done, live by the motto "Be the change you want to see in the world", that said this is truly inspirational for all CEOs out there.

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djanick Jun 5, 2017
I have long thought that the reasoning described here in "remuneration committees, not wanting to attract below average CEOs, are continually tempted to pay slightly over the average" is suspect and actually erroneous. Surely there are thousands of business school grads who see themselves as potential CEOs. If we had anything like supply and demand, the desire by so many for the opportunity to lead a company should drive the top wage down. The problem may lie in the myth of the "below average CEO" you'd get by giving a less experienced person a chance. Many "top" CEOs, it seems to me, have the wrong kind of experience, namely prioritizing short-term profits over everything else with little ability to create a positive corporate culture for workers or clients. When a business is struggling it seems they always want to bring in expensive "talent" whose focus is to cut "softer" company assets such as innovative programs or collaborative leadership by women and minorities, and instill... [View Full Comment]